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歷屆高考詞序考點(diǎn)簡(jiǎn)析
詞序是高考試題中常考的內(nèi)容，同時(shí)也是中學(xué)教材的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。為便于同學(xué)們復(fù)習(xí)，下面我們把高考中 所出現(xiàn)的各種詞序題歸類簡(jiǎn)析如下：一、短語動(dòng)詞中賓語的位置
（79MET）. If you don't know the word, why don't you______in the dictionary.
（A）look at it （B）look after it
（C）look up it （D）look it up
析：答案為D。其意指“查（字典等）”，A意為“看”，B 意為“照顧”均不符題意，故排除。由動(dòng)詞加 副詞構(gòu)成的短語，其賓語是名詞時(shí)，賓語可放在整個(gè)短語后面，也可插在動(dòng)詞與副詞之間，但賓語是代詞時(shí)， 代詞賓語只能插在動(dòng)詞與副詞之間。
試題選練：（畫線項(xiàng)為答案，下同）
（83MET）.If you are at home this evening, I'll________.
（A）ring you on （B）ring upon you
（C）ring to you （D）ring you up
──────-
（78MET）.I need a day or two________
（A）to think it over
──────────
（B）to think over it
（C）of thinking
二、虛擬語氣省略if時(shí)的詞序
（95上海）.______ for the free tickets, I would not havegone to the films so often.
（A）If it is not
（B）Were it not
（C）Had it not been
（D）If they were not
析：答案為C。這是一個(gè)與過去相反的虛擬條件從句的省略形式，當(dāng)從句中的if省略時(shí)，從句要用倒裝句。 這類倒裝句只需將助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞提至主語前即可。常見句式更換如下：
a.與現(xiàn)在相反：If I were you (=Were I you) , I would go
──with him.
b.與過去相反：If I had had time then (=Had I had time
──then), I would have gone with you.
c.與將來相反：If I were to visit/should visit/visited the Great Wall tomorrow, (=Were I to /Should I visit the Great
── ───Wall tomorrow), I would take my son with me.
注意：在否定句中not不可提至主語前，如：
（誤）Weren't I here now, I would be in the bus.
────
（正）Were I not here now, I would be in the bus.
──
試題選練：（94上海）.______ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Y angpu Bridge.
（A）Were （B）Should
────
（C）Would （D）Will
_______ your letter, I would have written back two daysago.
（A）If I received
（B）Should Ireceive
（C）Had I received
────────
（D）If I could have received
三、否定詞放在句首時(shí)的詞序
（91MET）"Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother?" "I don't know,_____
（A）nor don't I care
（B）nor do I care
（C）I don't care neither
（D）I don't care also
析：答案為B。A項(xiàng)多了not，C項(xiàng)、D項(xiàng)分別要改neither、 also 為either。否定詞作狀語放在句首時(shí)要用 倒裝句，倒
裝句只需將情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞be提至主語首即可（見例2）。 實(shí)意動(dòng)詞的倒裝要在主語前 面加助動(dòng)詞 do，does，did等，此時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞要用動(dòng)詞原形（見例1）。常見的否定詞或結(jié)構(gòu)有：neither/nor /never/hardly/ little/seldom/ scarcely/ barely/ not until/no sooner than/hardly when/not only…b ut also/at no time/not once/by no means
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